I read in the typescript that in my trance I heard cows low and water swirling level with my ears and the creaking of woodThe Count in his box, then, was on a river in an open boat, propelled probably either by oars or poles, for the banks are near and it is working against streamThere would be no such if floating down stream Of course it may not be either the Sereth or the Pruth, but we may possibly investigate furtherNow of these two, the Pruth is the more easily navigated, but the Sereth is, at Fundu, joined by the Bistritza which runs up round the Borgo PassThe loop it makes is manifestly as close to Dracula's castle as can be got by water MINA HARKER'S JOURNAL--CONTINUED When I had done reading, Jonathan took me in his arms and kissed meThe others kept shaking me by both hands, and DrVan Helsing said, "Our dear Madam Mina is once more our teacherHer eyes have been where we were blindedNow we are on the track once again, and this time we may succeedOur enemy is at his most helplessAnd if we can come on him by day, on the water, our task will be overHe has a start, but he is powerless to hasten, as he may not leave this box lest those who carry him may suspectFor them to suspect would be to prompt them to throw him in the stream where he perishThis he knows, and will notNow men, to our Council of War, for here and now, we must plan what each and all shall do "I shall get a steam launch and follow him," said Lord Godalming "And I, horses to follow on the bank lest by chance he land," said Mr "Good!" said the Professor, "both goodBut neither must go aloneThere must be force to overcome force if need beThe Slovak is strong and rough, and he carries rude arms All the men smiled, for amongst them they carried a small arsenalMorris, "I have brought some WinchestersThey are pretty handy in a crowd, and there may be wolvesThe Count, if you remember, took some other precautionsHe made some requisitions on others that MrsHarker could not quite hear or understandWe must be ready at all pointsSeward said, "I think I had better go with QuinceyWe have been accustomed to hunt together, and we two, well armed, will be a match for whatever may come alongYou must not be alone, ArtIt may be necessary to fight the Slovaks, and a chance thrust, for I don't suppose these fellows carry guns, would undo all our plansThere must be no chances, this timeWe shall not rest until the Count's head and body have been separated, and we are sure that he cannot reincarnate He looked at Jonathan as he spoke, and Jonathan looked at meI could see that the poor dear was torn about in his mindOf course he wanted to be with meBut then the boat service would, most likely, be the one which would destroy the? the? shop Vampire

-Subsequently a medal was given to B, in order TO DESTROY THE IMPRESSION WHICH THE AWARD OF THE MEDAL TO A HAD MADE ON THE PUBLIC THE PRECEDING YEAR-A medal was given to C, "BECAUSE WE THINK HE HAS BEEN ILL USED I will now enter on an examination of one of their awards, which was peculiarly injudiciousI allude to that concerning the mode of rendering platina malleable Respecting, as I did, the illustrious philosopher who invented the art, and who has left many other claims to the gratitude of mankind, I esteem it no disrespect to his memory to place that subject in its proper light An invention in science or in art, may justly be considered as possessing the rights of property in the highest degree The lands we inherit from our fathers, were cultivated ere they were born, and yielded produce before they were cultivated The products of genius are the actual creations of the individual; and, after yielding profit or honour to him, they remain the permanent endowments of the human race If the institutions of our country, and the opinions of society, support us fully in the absolute disposal of our fields, of which we can, by the laws of nature, be only the transitory possessors, who shall justly restrict our discretion in the disposal of those richer possessions, the products of intellectual exertion? Two courses are open to those individuals who are thus endowed with Nature's wealth They may lock up in their own bosoms the mysteries they have penetrated, and by applying their knowledge to the production of some substance in demand in commerce, thus minister to the wants or comforts of their species, whilst they reap in pecuniary profit the legitimate reward of their exertions It is open to them, on the other hand, to disclose the secret they have torn from Nature, and by allowing mankind to participate with them, to claim at once that splendid reputation which is rarely refused to the inventors of valuable discoveries in the arts of life The two courses are rarely compatible, only indeed when the discoverer, having published his process, enters into equal competition with other manufacturers If an individual adopt the first of these courses, and retaining his secret, it perish with him, the world have no right to complain During his life, they profited by his knowledge, and are better off than if the philosopher had not existed Monopolies, under the name of patents, have been devised to assist and reward those who have chosen the line of pecuniary profit Honorary rewards and medals have been the feeble expressions of the sentiments of mankind towards those who have preferred the other course But these have been, and should always be, kept completely distinct[It is a condition with the Society of Arts, never to give a reward to any thing for which a patent has been, or is to be, taken out Let us now consider the case of platina A new process was discovered of rendering it malleable, and the mere circumstance of so large a quantity having been sent into the market, was a positive benefit, of no ordinary magnitude, to many of the arts The discoverer of this valuable process selected that course for which no reasonable man could blame him; and from some circumstance, or perhaps from accident, he preserved no written record of the manipulationsHad Providence appointed for that disorder, which terminated too fatally, a more rapid career, all the knowledge he had acquired from the long attention he had devoted to the subject, would have been lost to mankind The hand of a friend recorded the directions of the expiring philosopher, whose anxiety to render useful even his unfinished speculations, proves that the previous omission was most probably accidental Under such circumstances it was published to the world in the Transactions of the Royal Society But what could induce that body to bestow on it their medal? To talk of adding lustre to the name of Wollaston by their medal, is to talk idly They must have done it then as an example, as a stimulus to urge future inquiries in the career of discovery But did they wish discoveries to be so endangered? The discoveries of Professor Mitscherlick, of Berlin, had long been considered, by a few members of the Society, as having strong claims on one of its honorary rewards; but difficulties had arisen, from so few members of the Council having any knowledge of discoveries which had long been familiar to Europe The Council were just on the point of doing justice to the merits of the Prussian philosopher, when it was suggested that its medal should be given to DrWollaston, and they immediately altered their intention, and thus enabled themselves to reserve their medal to Professor Mitscherlick for another year; at which period, for aught they knew, his discoveries might possess the additional merit of having been made prior to the limit allowed by their regulations That medal was, in fact, voted at a meeting, at which no one member present was at all conversant with the subjects rewarded I shall, however, say no more on this subject They erred from feeling, an error so very rare with them, that it might be pardoned even for its singularity I will, however, add one word to those whose censures have been unjustly dealt, to those who have reproached the philosopher for receiving pecuniary advantage from his inventions Amongst the many and varied contrivances for the demands of science, or the arts of life, with which we were enriched by the genius of Wollaston, was it too much to allow him to retain, during his fleeting career, one out of the multitude, to furnish that: pecuniary supply, without which, the man will want food for his body, and the philosopher be destitute of tools for his inventions? Had he been, as, from the rank he held in science, he certainly would have been in other kingdoms, rich in the honours his country could bestow, and receiving from her a reward in some measure commensurate with his deserts,--then, indeed, there might have been reason for that reproach; but I am convinced that, in such circumstances, the philosopher would have balanced, with no "niggard" hand, the claims of his country, and would have given to it, unreservedly, the produce of his powerful mind OF THE FAIRCHILD LECTUREFairchild left by will twenty-five pounds to the Royal Society This was increased by several subscriptions, and 100LSouth Sea Annuities was purchased, the interest of which was to be devoted annually to pay for a sermon to be preached at Steonard's, Shoreditch Few members of the Society, perhaps, are aware, either of the bequest or of its annual shop payment

Ch'ien seems to have abandoned the writing of his earlier vitriolic works and restricted himself to literary scholarshipHis most significant post-1949 work has been Annotated Selection of Sung Poetry (Sung-shib hsiian-chu), which was published in 1958Later he headed a team of scholars responsible for the writing of the T'ang and Sung sections of a history of Chinese literatureIn 1974 it was widely rumored that he had diedHsia to write a memorial essay, "In Memory of MrCh'ien Chung-shu" (Chui-nien Ch'ien Chung-shu hsien-sheng) ~6 Ch'ien, how ever, is alive and well and has been "resurrected" after the fall of the Gang of FourHis recent activities include visits to Rome in the fall of 1978 and to the United States in the spring of 1979 as a member of Chinese academic delegationsWhile he was in Italy, he talked with three scholars who were translating or had translated Fortress Besieged into French, Czech, and RussianYang Chiang was a member of a Chinese delegation in Paris while her husband was in AmericaHer most recent publication was a Chinese translation of Don Quixote in 1978, and it is now in its second printing In 1979 Ch'ien published a book containing four studies, one on Chinese painting and Chinese poetry dating back to the 1930s and the other three essays written since 1949 (including one on Lin Shu, which was partially translated by George Kao and published in Renditions)Also in 1979 a new edition of Annotated Selection of Sung Poetry with thirty additional notes was published Ch'ien's most important publication in 1979, however, is a mammoth work of over one million words entitled Kuan-chui pien, in four volumesEach section focuses on one major classical Chinese work: I ching, Shib ching, Chuang-tzu, Lieh-tzu, Shib-chi, Tso-chuan, and the complete pre T'ang proseAltogether ten studies, both philological and comparative (Western), comprising the four divisions of ching, shib, tzu, and chi, are written in a style more elegant and archaic than that of On the Art of PoetryCh'ien wanted to show the world that there is at least one person in China who can write in this style and has not broken with the old tradition; he also hoped to inspire younger Chinese everywhere to study the Chinese pastKuan-chui pien, Ch'ien believes, will be his masterworkthesis, On the Art of Poetry, and Annotated Selection of Sung Poetry are all works of solid scholarshipThe first represents meticulous research; the second contains many references to Western poetics from Plato to the Abb~ Bremond and an honest evaluation of Chinese poets and their shortcomings; and the preface to the third is a masterpiece of literary analysis Apart from these works, Ch'ien is primarily a satirist in his essays and short storiesFor example, the first essay in Marginalia of Life is "Satan Pays an Evening Visit to MrCh'ien Chung-shu" (Mo-kuei yeh fang Ch'ien Chung-shu hsien-sheng), a satire on man through the super natural, the targets being hypocrisy and ignoranceIn "On Laughter and Humor" (Shuo hsiao), he attacks those lacking humor; he mocks and scorns false champions of moraFortress Besiegedlity in "Those Who Moralize" (T'an chiao-hsun); he chides the hypocrites in "Men of Letters" (Lun wen-jen) and literary charlatans in "Illiteracy" (Shih wen-mang)In a similar vein, his vitriolic fire is also apparent in his short stories, most notably in "Inspiration" (Ling kan), a satiric and harsh attack on the writing profession itself and a lampoon on a number of well-known literary figuresLampooning as much as he does in Men, Beasts, and Ghosts, he is also a fine writer of psychological insightHis story "Cat" (Mao) is a good example of marital strife which mars the happiness of a certain Li familyEven finer than "Cat" is "Souvenir" (Chi nien), often considered the best story in Men, Beasts, and GhostsA study of the seduction of a lonely married woman by an air force pilot during the Sino-Japanese War, it emphasizes the heroine's feelings of guilt, fascination, revulsion, and relief toward her extramarital affairAlso well done is the story's ironic endingAfter the pilot dies in action, the woman's husband, not knowing of his wife's infidelity and impregnation by the pilot, suggests that they commemorate the dead pilot by naming the baby after him, if it is a boy Fortress Besieged, however, remains the best of Ch'ien's pre-1949 worksStructured in nine chapters, it is a comedy of manners with much picaresque humor, as well as a scholar's novel, a satire, a commentary on courtship and marriage, and a study of one contemporary man The nine chapters can be divided into four sections, or what Roland Barthes calls "functional sequences": 9 Section I (chapters 1?4); Section II (chapter 5); Section III (chapters 6?8); and Section IV (chapter 9)Section I begins with the story of Fang Hung-chien, who is returning to China from Europe in 1937; continues with his brief visit to his hometown, Wushi, and his experience in Shanghai; and concludes with his accepting a teaching appointment at the newly established San Lii University in the interiorSection II is relatively short and centers on the trials and tribulations Fang Hung-chien and others encounter in their journey to the university; Section III highlights in vivid color the true story of Chinese pseudo-intellectuals within the confines of an academic environment; and Section IV details the trivial misunderstandings between Fang Hung-chien and his bride and ends with the dissolution of their marriage In each of the four sections, Ch'ien Chung-shu emphasizes the hero's experiences from hope through frustration to defeat; a functional unit in itself, each section has its own curve of hope, frustration, and defeatFurthermore, Section I serves as a microcosm for the other sectionsThe theme of "besiegement" is seen in Ch'ien Chung-shu's description of the various types of pressures closing in on Fang Hung-chien in Section I; the pressures are amplified in Sections II and III and concretized in Section IVTraits of character that we are to know in excruciating detail for tens of pages are unmistakably sketched in a fewFang's ineffectualness as a person in Section I clearly hints at the failures that are to haunt him in later shop sections

You want to send Jim and me back to be whipped and tortured, and ground down under the heels of them that you call masters; and your laws will bear you out in it,?more shame for you and them! But you haven?t got usWe don?t own your laws; we don?t own your country; we stand here as free, under God?s sky, as you are; and, by the great God that made us, we?ll fight for our liberty till we die George stood out in fair sight, on the top of the rock, as he made his declaration of independence; the glow of dawn gave a flush to his swarthy cheek, and bitter indignation and despair gave fire to his dark eye; and, as if appealing from man to the justice of God, he raised his hand to heaven as he spoke If it had been only a Hungarian youth, now bravely defending in some mountain fastness the retreat of fugitives escaping from Austria into America, this would have been sublime heroism; but as it was a youth of African descent, defending the retreat of fugitives through America into Canada, of course we are too well instructed and patriotic to see any heroism in it; and if any of our readers do, they must do it on their own private responsibilityWhen despairing Hungarian fugitives make their way, against all the search-warrants and authorities of their lawful government, to America, press and political cabinet ring with applause and welcomeWhen despairing African fugitives do the same thing,?it is?what is it? Be it as it may, it is certain that the attitude, eye, voice, manner, of the speaker for a moment struck the party below to silenceThere is something in boldness and determination that for a time hushes even the rudest natureMarks was the only one who remained wholly untouchedHe was deliberately cocking his pistol, and, in the momentary silence that followed George?s speech, he fired at him ?Ye see ye get jist as much for him dead as alive in Kentucky,? he said coolly, as he wiped his pistol on his coat-sleeve George sprang backward,?Eliza uttered a shriek,?the ball had passed close to his hair, had nearly grazed the cheek of his wife, and struck in the tree above ?It?s nothing, Eliza,? said George, quickly ?Thee?d better keep out of sight, with thy speechifying,? said Phineas; ?they?re mean scamps ?Now, Jim,? said George, ?look that your pistols are all right, and watch that pass with meThe first man that shows himself I fire at; you take the second, and so onIt won?t do, you know, to waste two shots on one ?But what if you don?t hit?? ?I shall hit,? said George, coolly ?Good! now, there?s stuff in that fellow,? muttered Phineas, between his teeth The party below, after Marks had fired, stood, for a moment, rather undecided ?I think you must have hit some on ?em,? said one of the men?I heard a squeal!? ?I?m going right up for one,? said Tom?I never was afraid of niggers, and I an?t going to be nowWho goes after?? he said, springing up the rocks George heard the words distinctlyHe drew up his pistol, examined it, pointed it towards that point in the defile where the first man would appear One of the most courageous of the party followed Tom, and, the way being thus made, the whole party began pushing up the rock,?the hindermost pushing the front ones faster than they would have gone of themselvesOn they came, and in a moment the burly form of Tom appeared in sight, almost at the verge of the chasm George fired,?the shot entered his side,?but, though wounded, he would not retreat, but, with a yell like that of a mad bull, he was leaping right across the chasm into the party ?Friend,? said Phineas, suddenly stepping to the front, and meeting him with a push from his long arms, ?thee isn?t wanted here Down he fell into the chasm, crackling down among trees, bushes, logs, loose stones, till he lay bruised and groaning thirty feet belowThe fall might have killed him, had it not been broken and moderated by his clothes catching in the branches of a large tree; but he came down with some force, however,?more than was at all agreeable or convenient ?Lord help us, they are perfect devils!? said Marks, heading the retreat down the rocks with much more of a will than he had joined the ascent, while all the party came tumbling precipitately after him,?the fat constable, in particular, blowing and puffing in a very energetic manner ?I say, fellers,? said Marks, ?you jist go round and pick up Tom, there, while I run and get on to my horse to go back for help,?that?s you;? and, without minding the hootings and jeers of his company, Marks was as good as his word, and was soon seen galloping away ?Was ever such a sneaking varmint?? said one of the men; ?to come on his business, and he clear out and leave us this yer way!? ?Well, we must pick up that feller,? said another?Cuss me if I much care whether he is dead or alive The men, led by the groans of Tom, scrambled and crackled through stumps, logs and bushes, to where that hero lay groaning and swearing with alternate vehemence ?Ye keep it agoing pretty loud, Tom,? said one?Ye much hurt?? ?Don?t knowGet me up, can?t ye? Blast that infernal Quaker! If it hadn?t been for him, I?d a pitched some on ?em down here, to see how they liked it With much labor and groaning, the fallen hero was assisted to rise; and, with one holding him up under each shoulder, they got him as far as the shop horses

And they made for resignationMina and I both felt so, and simultaneously we each took one of the old man's hands and bent over and kissed itThen without a word we all knelt down together, and all holding hands, swore to be true to each otherWe men pledged ourselves to raise the veil of sorrow from the head of her whom, each in his own way, we lovedAnd we prayed for help and guidance in the terrible task which lay before usIt was then time to startSo I said farewell to Mina, a parting which neither of us shall forget to our dying day, and we set out To one thing I have made up my mindIf we find out that Mina must be a vampire in the end, then she shall not go into that unknown and terrible land aloneI suppose it is thus that in old times one vampire meant manyJust as their hideous bodies could only rest in sacred earth, so the holiest love was the recruiting sergeant for their ghastly ranks We entered Carfax without trouble and found all things the same as on the first occasionIt was hard to believe that amongst so prosaic surroundings of neglect and dust and decay there was any ground for such fear as already we knewHad not our minds been made up, and had there not been terrible memories to spur us on, we could hardly have proceeded with our taskWe found no papers, or any sign of use in the houseAnd in the old chapel the great boxes looked just as we had seen them lastVan Helsing said to us solemnly as we stood before him, "And now, my friends, we have a duty here to doWe must sterilize this earth, so sacred of holy memories, that he has brought from a far distant land for such fell useHe has chosen this earth because it has been holyThus we defeat him with his own weapon, for we make it more holy stillIt was sanctified to such use of man, now we sanctify it to God As he spoke he took from his bag a screwdriver and a wrench, and very soon the top of one of the cases was thrown openThe earth smelled musty and close, but we did not somehow seem to mind, for our attention was concentrated on the ProfessorTaking from his box a piece of the Sacred Wafer he laid it reverently on the earth, and then shutting down the lid began to screw it home, we aiding him as he worked One by one we treated in the same way each of the great boxes, and left them as we had found them to all appearanceBut in each was a portion of the HostWhen we closed the door behind us, the Professor said solemnly, "So much is already doneIt may be that with all the others we can be so successful, then the sunset of this evening may shine of Madam Mina's forehead all white as ivory and with no stain!" As we passed across the lawn on our way to the station to catch our train we could see the front of the asylumI looked eagerly, and in the window of my own room saw MinaI waved my hand to her, and nodded to tell that our work there was successfully accomplishedShe nodded in reply to show that she understoodThe last I saw, she was waving her hand in farewellIt was with a heavy heart that we sought the station and just caught the train, which was steaming in as we reached the platformI have written this in the train Piccadilly, 12:30 o'clock-Just before we reached Fenchurch Street Lord Godalming said to me, "Quincey and I will find a locksmithYou had better not come with us in case there should be any difficultyFor under the circumstances it wouldn't seem so bad for us to break into an empty houseBut you are a solicitor and the Incorporated Law Society might tell you that you should have known better I demurred as to my not sharing any danger even of odium, but he went on, "Besides, it will attract less attention if there are not too many of shop us